kg | |
cm |
Procedeul de bypass gastric Roux-en-Y presupune urmatorii pasi: in prima etapa a interventiei se izoleaza complet o portiune de aproximativ 30 de milimetri cubi, din volumul stomacului, situata in partea superioara a acestuia; in a doua etapa, pentru a se asigura tranzitul digestiv, prima portiune din intestinul subtire este sectionata si partea inferioara este reconectata la noul stomac. Interventia este finalizata in momentul in care ansa superioara a intestinului subtire sectionat este reconectata la intestinul subtire astfel incat acizii din stomac si enzimele digestive produse de stomacul micsorat nou format si de portiunea de intestin subtire sa se amestece cu bolul alimentar in timpul digestiei.
Interventia de bypass gastric functioneaza datorita unor mecanisme specifice. In primul rand, in mod similar cu alte interventii bariatrice, noul stomac format este mai mic, pacientii putand manca portii mai mici de mancare, cantitatea de calorii fiind de asemenea mult mai redusa. In al doilea rand, intrucat noul stomac format poate sa digere o cantitate redusa de alimente iar portiunea de intestin subtire sectionata nu mai este folosita de organism pentru absorbtia de calorii si nutrienti, organismul nu va mai asimila in acelasi ritm.
Cel mai important aspect il constituie faptul ca redirectionarea tranzitului intestinal al alimentelor produce schimbari la nivel hormonal, accelerand senzatia de satietate, suprimand senzatia de foame si schimband unul dintre mecanismele de baza ce face ca obezitatea sa atraga alte comorbiditati de tipul diabetului zaharat de tip 2 (non-insulino-dependent).
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